Why Explaining “Why” Matters in Guiding Children’s Behaviour

I remember the day I went for a walk with my cousins near the jetty, which is now the swimming track. As children, we often played by pushing each other, laughing without a second thought. On that day, I nudged my cousin near the edge, not realising the possible consequences. An adult quickly told me, “Never do that again.”

I obeyed, but I didn’t understand why. No reason was given. It was only years later, as I reflected, that I realised how dangerous that moment was. It could have turned into a fatal accident.

This reflection made me think about a common gap in how we guide children: we often tell them what not to do without explaining why.

The Psychology Behind Giving Reasons

Research in developmental psychology shows that children learn best through explanatory guidance. This approach, known as inductive discipline, helps them understand the cause-and-effect relationship between their actions and outcomes.

When adults give commands without explanations—“Don’t do that” or “Stop it”—children may comply in the moment, but they are less likely to internalise the rule. Without understanding the reason, the child may repeat the behaviour when the authority figure is absent.

On the other hand, explaining the why engages the child’s cognitive empathy—the ability to understand how their actions affect others. For example:

“Don’t push near the edge; you could fall into the water and get hurt.”

This transforms the rule from an external command into an internalised principle. Over time, the child begins to regulate their behaviour not just to avoid punishment, but to protect themselves and others.

Long-Term Impact of Explaining “Why”

When we take the time to explain the reasons behind rules, children develop better decision-making skills, becoming more aware of risks and making safer choices independently. This approach also fosters stronger moral reasoning, helping them understand the consequences of their actions beyond immediate desires. Moreover, it builds trust in authority, as children begin to see adults not merely as enforcers but as guides who genuinely care about their well-being. 

As adults, our role is not only to stop unsafe behaviour but to equip children with the understanding that will guide them for life. That day at the jetty was a lesson that came late for me—but it serves as a powerful reminder: don’t just tell children what to do. Tell them why.